Rating "Reliability"

The reliability rating summarises how often a model appears as trouble-free or, conversely, breakdown-prone in independent sources. The main input is the annual ADAC Pannenstatistik, which delivers a breakdown figure per segment based on actual roadside-assistance call-outs. We additionally weigh owner reports from reviews and known engine or drivetrain points of attention where these are described in trade literature and manufacturer TSBs.

The rating has known limitations. ADAC data reflect mainly the German market; review data are self-reported and self-selecting; for young models with few kilometres in circulation the data series is short. We therefore always show the source and reference date, and where there is insufficient data it reads "n.b." instead of a derived score.

This is a summary reference figure, not a guarantee. The reliability of a specific car also depends on maintenance, use and previous owners; on those we make no statement. See the methodology page for the exact weight per source.